Transmitter-tube arrangement



May 2, 1933. w KUMMERER 1,906,627

TRANSMITTER TUBE ARRANGEMENT Filed Feb. 20, 1928 w\ new KUMMERER ATTORN EY ably of the Patented May 2, 1933 v umran SQTA-TEVS, orr ca f f wmnmm xuMmEmm. or? BERLIN, GERMANY, Assmnonao T LEF N'KER GEsELL- I SGHAI'IFFITB DRAHTLOSE T 'rRANsn mnR-TUBE ARRANGEMENT Applicatiohfiled February 20, 192s; Serial no. 25 s,7az,and.1neermanynarchae, 1927.;

In with comparatively large powers and in which the working potentials of the tube are derived froma high-potential network, it is necessary, as is well known, to have recourse to what is known as a load-balancing arrangement, by which; during the intermis sions inkeying (spacing) when the transmitter, oscillations cease or are diminished,*a

the potential source. By theaid ofsuch a load compensating' (ballasting) circuit, over-voltages, of the kind" as would arise if the load: of, the supply line orof the potential source were suddenly interrupted during thekeying in termisslons, are avoided. I i

The'circuit provided for the load' compensating usually contains a distinct tube,'suitthree electrode type Whose conductance isvariedin dependence upon the keying, so that whilesending orkeyingsignals, in other words, duringthe periods when oscillations are radiated from thetransmit ter apparatus,-the said tube is non-conducting sothat no loading of thenetwork is present, whereas during the spacing times the tube is rendered conducting, thus'representing the load of'the network. former practice, was mechanically controlled'in dependence upon the operation ofthe transmitter key;

thatis, the grid was fed witli'corresponding direct current biasing pot-entlals.

circuit arrangementsof this kind, a distinct key is furnished for-the load'equaliz-ing (ballasting) tube which operates in dependence upon the key of the transmitter.

, 'l he subject'ematter of the present invention'is embodied in the drawing in which the single figure shows-a special-form of construction of the load-balancing or ballasting circuit which depends upon the fact that the load-balancing tube is automatically controlled" by the radio ,;frequency energy of J the transmitter scumthe conductance of the load-balancing tube isVaried in dependence upon the intensityi of the oscillations of'the transmitter. (lien [lZhG transmitted waves areofliigh intensity,tha t is to say, while 'signal transmission is proceeding, the conduc tube transmitter arrangement working trode tube According to this load-compensating tube" Hence, in.

' tancemust be diminished, While when the in tensityis small, the conductance must be in, creased." One suitable arrangement consists lnthat adistinct circuit is provided: which comprises a. rectifier device, say, a two-electo which the transmission waves BAP-HIE 1a.: B. H. H LLEscHEs;.;oRB aLrN; GER- MANYyACOBIORATION orenammr. W Y e H p .r I

are 'supplied so that rectified currentsare flowing-in this circuit. From a resistance contained 'in' this circuit apotential is'applied to'the grid andthecathode ofthe load-balancing tube in a'sense such that theradio-fre quency' oscillations 0f the transmitter pro duce. a negative rectifier direct current biasmgpotential which is appliedto theloadcompensating tube: 7 r

In the singlefigure of the.draw ing, 1 de notes the-transmitter tube, or one ofthe tubes of the tube-transmitter: apparatus, for example,"a tubein-= the 'powerampli fien- Con.- nected with-the same power supply network 2, 3, is ajload-compensating tube 4,-connection being established byway of a choke-coil 5 or a corresponding resistance. With the resonance circuit 6 of the transmitter-apparatus there is coupled a circuit which includes the rectifieri and a condenser 8. 1 From this condenser, a branch is brought to thegrid 'and filament of the-load-compensatingtube (ballastingtube) ,while shunted to the grid there isaresistance9;v The'function of thiscircuit arrangement is'asfollowsz' The higher the intensity of the oscillations of the transmitter ;1 the higher naturally will be the negative potential developing across the condenser '8, and thehigher'alsothenegative-biasing"potential of the grid of tube 4;. By the convenient dimensioning ofthe cir-v cuits and the constituent circuit elements it is possible to'createconditions so that the load of" the; network during signal transmission and during spacing; periodsremains nearly unvaried. In' this arrangement 1 as will be noted, no distinct key-in the grid equalizing,

circuit is necessary," and the balancing of the load is accomplished automatically. I Having thus described my invention what I desire to. protect by Letters Patent' i-s as follows: I I v 1. In a device for main-taining-aconstant load on a power supply system for transmit ter tube circuits, an oscillatory tube system having an oscillation circuit therein, a load balancing tube and means comprising a rectifying circuit controlled by the intensity of oscillations in the transn'iitter circuit for,in

fluencing said load balancing tube.

2. A device for maintaining the load on a power supply system for transmitter tube circuits constant, comprising an oscillatory tube system having an oscillation circuit therein, a three electrode load balancing tube and a rectifying circuit, means for control ling the energy in said rectifying circuit in accordance with the intensity of oscillations in the oscillatory circuit for affecting the load taken up by said balancing tube.

3. In a device for maintaining a constant load on a power supply system for transmitter tube circuits, an oscillatory tube system having an oscillation circuit therein, a load balancing tube connected to the power supply line and means comprising an energy transferring circuit between said oscillatory circuit and said load balancing tube foraffecting the conductivity of said load balancing tube in accordance with the oscillations in said transmitter circuit.

4c. In a device for maintaining a constant load on a power supply system for transmit ter tube arrangements, an oscillatory tube system having an oscillation circuit therein, a load balancing tube of the three electrode type having its plate filament circuit connected across the power supply line, the grid filament circuit of said tube having therein a condenser and a resistance in parallel, and a rectifying device coupled with said oscillatory circuit and arranged in series with said condenser for charging said condenser in accordance with conditions in said oscillatory circuit.

5. In a device for maintaining a constant load in a power supply system for vacuum tube circuits, a transmitting arrangement having an output and an input circuit, said output circuit comprising an oscillation cir cuit and said power supply system in series, a variable loading device shunted across said power supply system, said variable loading device having an input and an output circuit and having similar electrical characteristics as said transmitting arrangement, means comprising a rectifying device for coupling the output of said transmitting arrangement to the input of said loading device said last named means being adapted to re verse the function of said loading device relative to said transmitting arrangement.

6. In a transmitter, means for generating oscillationsincluding a thermionic tube, a source of potential therefor, a load balancing tube having its anode cathode impedance connected across said source, an oscillatory circuit-in said oscillation generating means, and

effect of said loading means on sai means comprising a rectifier and condenser in series coupled with said oscillation circuit for effecting the impedance of said balancing tube.

7. In a device of the kind described a power supply system, a signal transmitting arrangement connected to said power supply system, said arrangement having load characteristics varying in accordance with the transmitted signal energy, an auxiliary loading means connected to said power supply system, means for coupling said transmitting arrangement to'said auxiliary loading means, said last named means being adapted to increase the "d power supply system when the effect of said transmitter on said power supply system decreases and vice versa.

8. In apparatus to be used with an oscillation generator of the thermionic type wherein the anode cathode impedance of said thermionic type is connected across a source of direct current potential in series with an oscillation circuit, the combination of an auxiliary triode having its anode cathode impedance connected across said source, of a rectifier connected in series with means coupled to said oscillationcircuit and with an impedance connected between the control electrode and the cathode of said auxiliary triode.

9. In combination, an electron discharge device having an anode-cathode circuit, a source of electromotive force connected in said circuit, a second electron discharge device connected across said source of electro motive force, means for controlling said first discharge device in accordance with desired signals and additional means responsive to operation of said first device to control the impedance of said second electron discharge device thereby to compensate for impedance variations in the first electron discharge device.

10. In an oscillation system an electron discharge device having output electrodes connected in an output circuit, means for supplying energy to said device, a variable loading device shunted across said energy supply means, and for controlling said variable loading device in accordance with the load placed upon said supply means by said electron discharge device in opposite senses whereby the total load of said energy supply means remains constant. r

11. The combination in a signal system of an electron discharge device having an anode, a cathode, and an output circuit associated with said anode, means for producing oseillations on the'anode of said discharge device, an oscillatory circuit in said output circuit, a source of electromotive force connected between said anode and said cathode, the magnitude of the oscillations on said anode means in said output circuit and in said oscillation circuit being dependent in part on the electromotive forcesup plied to said anode, a second electron discharge device having an anode and cathode connected in shunt with the anode and cathode of said first named device and arranged normally to draw appreciable current from said source, and means responsive to oscillations on the anode of the first named discharge device for alternately transferring a portion of the load on said source from one of said devices to the other, thereby to prevent variations in potential in said source due to changes in magnitude of the load thereon. r

12. In a signal transmitter, an electron discharge device having an anode-cathode circuit, a source of electr'omotive force con nected in said circuit, a second electron discharge device connected across said source of electromotive force, means whereby said first discharge device is excited with high frequency oscillations in accordance with desired signals, and means for controlling said second electron discharge device in response to sa1d oscillations thereby to maintaln a substantially constant load on said source not-- withstanding impedance variations in said first discharge device.

13. The combination in a signal system of an electron discharge device having an operating circuit, a signal device included in said system, the impedance of said operating circuit being variable in response to operation of said signal device, a source of energy for said operating circuit, and means. controlled by the signal device for producing an additional load on said source when the impedance of said operating circuit is increased thereby to compensate for variations in load on said a source produced by variations in of the operating circuit.

WILHELM KUMMERER.

impedance 

